Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Overview
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is a medical treatment involving the inhalation of pure oxygen within a pressurised chamber. The pressure is higher than that at sea level, allowing for increased oxygen delivery to tissues throughout the body. This overview explores the physiological principles, therapeutic applications, and mechanisms of action behind HBOT, based on an academic review of the modality’s clinical relevance (Slater et al., 2022).
Physiological Mechanisms of HBOT
HBOT relies on Henry’s Law, where elevated atmospheric pressure increases the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma. This facilitates oxygen delivery even in hypoxic or poorly perfused tissues. Additionally, it has been shown to influence vasoconstriction, modulate immune responses, and assist with the mobilisation of stem cells. These effects underpin many of the therapy’s observed outcomes in various medical contexts.
Therapeutic Applications and Clinical Context
Although originally developed for decompression sickness, HBOT is now used in adjunctive care for conditions such as chronic wounds, radiation-induced tissue damage, and osteomyelitis. In certain cases, HBOT has also been explored for its potential to support recovery in neurological injuries and soft tissue trauma. However, clinical decision-making should always be guided by peer-reviewed evidence and appropriate regulatory guidelines.
Safety Considerations and Limitations
While generally well tolerated, HBOT is not suitable for all patients. For instance, contraindications may include untreated pneumothorax and certain forms of ear or sinus disease. Additionally, potential side effects—such as barotrauma or oxygen toxicity—are rare but must still be acknowledged in clinical practice. Therefore, this highlights the need for careful patient selection and monitoring by qualified professionals.
Conclusion
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is a specialised intervention that leverages physiological principles to enhance oxygen delivery and promote recovery in select clinical scenarios. Its use should be evidence-based and tailored to the individual, considering both benefits and risks.
Reference List
- Slater, G., Bonomo, M., Slater, G. H., Crerar, L., & Apolloni, D. (2022). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: An overview. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360995927_Hyperbaric_Oxygen_Therapy_An_Overview
Disclaimer: This blog is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult with your healthcare provider for any questions or concerns regarding your health.
